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<text><pub_time>2008-11-13 17:14:57</pub_time><isHtml>html</isHtml><state>1</state><text_content><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; line-height: 140%; text-align: center" align="center"><font size="3"><font style="font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 20px"><strong><font style="font-size: 20px"><span style="font-size: 20px; font-family: 宋体">客家酒俗文化</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 20px; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><o:p style="font-family: "></o:p></span></font></strong></font></font></font></p>
<p style="text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 140%"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 18px"><font style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体">客家人十分好客，每当亲朋戚友到来，他们都喜欢以家酿米酒相待，这种米酒又称&ldquo;水酒&rdquo;，如是初开坛提取的酒，称之为&ldquo;酒娘&rdquo;。这种&ldquo;酒娘&rdquo;好喝，度数虽然不高，但后劲大，容易醉人。他们在喝酒时，很注意礼节。</font></font></span></p>
<p style="text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 140%"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 18px"><font style="font-size: 18px">客家人喜欢使用四方桌，俗称&ldquo;八仙桌&rdquo;，一种可供八个人同坐的木头桌。上座时，他们很重视席位的安排，一般按亲朋戚友的尊卑入席就坐。宴席间的大小位，是这样安排的，如正厅只排有一张桌子，这时以面对大门的左侧为首位，右侧为第二位。然后从左到右，穿插论序，面对正厅的右侧为最小。如果安排二张桌子，这时候以左边桌位为大，右边为小，席位大小也是穿插而行。如果安排三桌，称之为&ldquo;一品席&rdquo;，这种情况，以首席为尊。如果安排五桌，一般要排成&ldquo;梅花席&rdquo;。<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体"><o:p style="font-family: "></o:p></span></font></font></font></span></p>
<p style="text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 140%"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 18px"><font style="font-size: 18px">宴席间第一回斟酒（亦称筛酒），是按尊卑长幼次序先后斟酒，最后再给自己斟酒。酒斟好后，酒壶嘴不能对客人，要对着自己，否则就是失礼。敬酒时，敬酒者要站起来，左手摁胸（表示尊敬和诚意），右手举杯讲几句祝颂的吉祥语，并且要先喝表示敬意。有人迟到，视不同情况罚酒<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体">1-3</span>杯，妇女半杯。如中途退席，要喝<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体">1-3</span>杯，才能离席。<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体"><o:p style="font-family: "></o:p></span></font></font></font></span></p>
<p style="text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 140%"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 18px"><font style="font-size: 18px">客家人喝酒时，为了增添酒兴和热闹气氛，在各种宴会场合，或俗、或雅、或简、或繁，都有猜拳助兴的习俗。猜拳时还有一些规则，比如出三时，不能拇指、中指、食指一起出。出一时，大拇指要侧向，不能往上翘。出二时，如使用大拇指、食指表示，出手时要侧向，不能象灯驳壳枪一样食指指向对方，以表示礼貌。<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体"><o:p style="font-family: "></o:p></span></font></font></font></span></p>
<p style="text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 140%"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 18px"><font style="font-size: 18px">客家人酒令，具有丰富的知识性。猜拳的数字从零到拾，如猜中双方所出的手指合计数，即为胜方。如双方同时猜中或均未猜中，也有采取&ldquo;四字式&rdquo;叫法，比如猜&ldquo;一&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;一品高升&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;二&rdquo;时，叫&ldquo;两家和好&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;三&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;三星高照&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;四&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;四季发财&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;五&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;五子登科&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;六&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;六六顺心&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;七&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;七巧成图&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;八&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;八仙庆寿&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;九&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;九久长长&rdquo;；猜&ldquo;十&rdquo;时叫&ldquo;十全十美&rdquo;。所以喊的就是吉祥语。<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体"><o:p style="font-family: "></o:p></span></font></font></font></span></p>
<p style="text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 140%"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 18px"><font style="font-size: 18px">喝酒猜拳时，一般以三杯酒为一组，输拳者喝酒，三杯酒喝完就算过关。如余兴未了，可再来一组或几组。如需请人代拳、代酒，应和对方协商，，征得对方同意才行。除了猜拳斗酒外，还有出手指点数字斗酒，做法是席间指定一人为首，按大家所出手指的总数，算到谁，谁就得喝一杯，例如大家所出手指是六，从为首者算起，到第六位即为喝酒者。另外也有&ldquo;转汤匙&rdquo;斗酒的，桌中摆一个汤匙，由一人旋转汤匙，待汤匙停止转动时，汤匙柄指向谁，谁就得喝一杯。除外还有&ldquo;猜单双&rdquo;斗酒的，在手心中任意放入一枚或两枚硬币，让别人猜单、双，输者喝酒。<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体"><o:p style="font-family: "></o:p></span></font></font></font></span></p>
<p style="text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 140%"><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 140%; font-family: 宋体"><font style="font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体">&nbsp;客家人酒令花样多，有文化的人还喜欢&ldquo;字词令&rdquo;（包括地方特产令、农谚令等）、&ldquo;诗词令&rdquo;，此外还有&ldquo;通令&rdquo;（多是别出心裁，涉及意趣，令人忍俊不禁。），包括猜谜等。客家人喜欢通过酒规酒令、这一群众喜闻乐见的娱乐游戏，增添酒兴，消除寂寞困倦，直至尽欢尽醉。</font></span></p>]]></text_content><size>6K</size></text></warexml_DZ5ZR1_9229_6518_skh_25>
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